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the building blocks for defining query logic programmatically. The hierarchy of the expression interfaces is structured as follows: Selection # Base interface for result items └─ Expression # Base interface for expressions ├─ Predicate # Boolean expression (WHERE/HAVING) │ └─ CriteriaBuilder.In # IN

JPQL and criteria queries are built on query expressions . Every query consists of clauses ... Criteria API expressions . Atomic expressions The atomic query expressions are: JPQL / Criteria Variables JPQL / Criteria Parameters JPQL / Criteria Literals Every query expression consists

is useful for pattern matching with regular expressions , which are more powerful than the LIKE operator ... ' and '' . As parameters when string values are passed as query arguments. As path expressions ... a path expression ), and the right operand is the pattern (usually a parameter or literal). For example

FROM Country c JOIN FETCH c.capital The JOIN FETCH expression is not a regular JOIN , and it does not ... (you can use type expression to exclude descendant classes from iteration). For example, in ... range variable that serves as a root and additional join variables that are bound to path expressions

criteria queries, compound selections, expressions , predicates, orderings. Note that Predicate is used instead of Expression in this API in order to work around the fact that Java generics are not ... explains how to use CriteriaBuilder . Public Instance Methods Expression abs ( Expression x ) Create

and -12.5 . As parameters that are bound to numeric arguments. As path expressions that navigate to persistent numeric fields. As aggregate expressions , such as COUNT . As collection functions ... LOCATE and LENGTH . As composite arithmetic expressions that use operators and functions to combine

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Interface jakarta.persistence.criteria. Expression Type Parameters: - the type of the expression Super Interfaces: Selection , TupleElement Type for query expressions . Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 2.0 The JPA Query Expressions (JPQL / Criteria) article explains

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression substring (    Expression x ,    Expression from ,    Expression len ) Create an expression for substring extraction. Extracts a substring of given length starting

(    Expression x ,    Expression pattern ,    Expression escapeChar ) Create a predicate for testing whether the expression does not satisfy the given pattern. Parameters: x - string expression pattern - string expression escapeChar - escape character expression

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression replace (    Expression x ,    Expression substring ,    Expression replacement ) Create an expression replacing every occurrence of a substring within a string. Parameters: x

(    Expression x ,    Expression pattern ,    Expression escapeChar ) Create a predicate for testing whether the expression satisfies the given pattern. Parameters: x - string expression pattern - string expression escapeChar - escape character expression Returns: like predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Predicate between (    Expression v ,    Expression x ,    Expression y ) Create ... . Parameters: x - expression y - expression v - expression Returns: between predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

expression in SELECT clauses. Specifying the required query results more precisely can improve ... must always be specified explicitly. JPQL does not support the the SELECT * expression , which is common in SQL. Projection of path expressions JPQL queries can also return results that are not entities. For example

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression substring (    Expression x ,    Expression from ) Create an expression for substring ... . First position is 1. Parameters: x - string expression from - start position expression Returns

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression concat (    Expression x ,    Expression y ) Create an expression for string concatenation. Parameters: x - string expression y - string expression Returns: expression corresponding to concatenation. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression trim (    Expression t ,    Expression x ) Create expression to trim character from both ends of a string. Parameters: x - expression for string to trim t - expression for character

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression trim (    Trimspec ts ,    Expression t ,    Expression x ) Create expression to trim character from a string. Parameters: x - expression for string to trim t - expression

Date and time expressions can appear in JPQL queries in the following ways: As date and time ... are passed as arguments. As path expressions --to navigate to persistent date and time fields. As ... JPA defines special JPQL expressions that return the date and time from the database server

methods for building literal expressions . Ordinary literals The main method, literal , takes a Java object and returns a literal expression . For example: // Boolean literals: Expression t = cb. literal (true); Expression f = cb. literal (Boolean.FALSE); // Numeric literals: Expression i1 = cb

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression right (    Expression x ,    Expression len ) Create an expression for the rightmost substring of a string, Parameters: x - string expression len - length of the substring to return

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression replace (    Expression x ,    String substring ,    Expression replacement ) Create an expression replacing every occurrence of a substring within a string. Parameters: x

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression replace (    Expression x ,    Expression substring ,    String replacement ) Create an expression replacing every occurrence of a substring within a string. Parameters: x

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression left (    Expression x ,    Expression len ) Create an expression for the leftmost substring of a string, Parameters: x - string expression len - length of the substring to return

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression prod (    Expression x ,    Expression y ) Create an expression that returns the product of its arguments. Parameters: x - expression y - expression Returns: product. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression sum (    Expression x ,    Expression y ) Create an expression that returns the sum of its arguments. Parameters: x - expression y - expression Returns: sum. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

(    Expression x ,    Expression pattern ,    char escapeChar ) Create a predicate for testing whether the expression does not satisfy the given pattern. Parameters: x - string expression pattern - string expression escapeChar - escape character Returns: not-like predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

(    Expression x ,    String pattern ,    Expression escapeChar ) Create a predicate for testing whether the expression does not satisfy the given pattern. Parameters: x - string expression pattern - string escapeChar - escape character expression Returns: not-like predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

(    Expression x ,    String pattern ,    Expression escapeChar ) Create a predicate for testing whether the expression satisfies the given pattern. Parameters: x - string expression pattern - string escapeChar - escape character expression Returns: like predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

(    Expression x ,    Expression pattern ) Create a predicate for testing whether the expression does not satisfy the given pattern. Parameters: x - string expression pattern - string expression Returns: not-like predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

when (    Expression condition ,    Expression result ) Add a when/then clause to the case expression . Parameters: result - "then" result expression condition - "when" condition Returns: general case expression . Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

SimpleCase when (    Expression condition ,    Expression result ) Add a when/then clause to the case expression . Parameters: result - "then" result expression condition - "when" condition Returns: simple case expression . Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

(    Expression x ,    Expression pattern ) Create a predicate for testing whether the expression satisfies the given pattern. Parameters: x - string expression pattern - string expression Returns: like predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

(    Expression x ,    Expression pattern ,    char escapeChar ) Create a predicate for testing whether the expression satisfies the given pattern. Parameters: x - string expression pattern - string expression escapeChar - escape character Returns: like predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression power (    Expression x ,    Expression y ) Create an expression that returns the first argument raised to the power of its second argument. Parameters: x - base y - exponent Returns

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Predicate isMember (    Expression elem ,    Expression collection ) Create a predicate ... will be false. Parameters: elem - element expression collection - expression Returns: is-member predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Predicate isNotMember (    Expression elem ,    Expression collection ) Create a predicate ... will be true. Parameters: elem - element expression collection - expression Returns: is-not-member predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Predicate gt (    Expression x ,    Expression y ) Create a predicate for testing whether the first argument is greater than the second. Parameters: x - expression y - expression Returns: greater-than predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Predicate ge (    Expression x ,    Expression y ) Create a predicate for testing whether the first argument is greater than or equal to the second. Parameters: x - expression y - expression

lessThanOrEqualTo (    Expression x ,    Expression y ) Create a predicate for testing whether the first argument is less than or equal to the second. Parameters: x - expression y - expression Returns: less-than-or-equal predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Predicate lt (    Expression x ,    Expression y ) Create a predicate for testing whether the first argument is less than the second. Parameters: x - expression y - expression Returns: less-than predicate. Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Predicate le (    Expression x ,    Expression y ) Create a predicate for testing whether the first argument is less than or equal to the second. Parameters: x - expression y - expression Returns

Logical operators in JPQL and JPA criteria queries combine simple Boolean expressions to form complex expressions . Logical operators ObjectDB supports two sets of logical operators, as shown in ... the expression false. If one operand is NULL and the other is TRUE or NULL , the result is NULL

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression nullif (    Expression x ,    Y y ) Create an expression that tests whether its argument are equal, returning null if they are and the value of the first expression if they are not

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression sumAsLong (    Expression x ) Create an aggregate expression applying the sum operation to an Integer-valued expression , returning a Long result. Parameters: x - expression representing input

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Expression sumAsDouble (    Expression x ) Create an aggregate expression applying the sum operation to a Float-valued expression , returning a Double result. Parameters: x - expression representing input

Jakarta Persistence (JPA) Method in jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder Order asc (    Expression expression ) Create an ordering by the ascending value of the expression . Parameters: expression - expression used to define the ordering Returns: ascending ordering corresponding to the expression . Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

(    Expression expression ) Create an ordering by the descending value of the expression . Parameters: expression - expression used to define the ordering Returns: descending ordering corresponding to the expression . Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 1.0

;  Expression expression ,    Nulls nullPrecedence ) Create an ordering by the ascending value of the expression . Parameters: expression - expression used to define the ordering nullPrecedence - the precedence of null values Returns: ascending ordering corresponding to the expression . Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 3.2

(    Expression expression ,    Nulls nullPrecedence ) Create an ordering by the descending value of the expression . Parameters: expression - expression used to define the ordering nullPrecedence - the precedence of null values Returns: descending ordering corresponding to the expression . Since: Jakarta Persistence (JPA) 3.2

;  Expression ... grouping ) Specify the expressions that are used to form groups over the subquery results. Replaces the previous specified grouping expressions , if any. If no grouping expressions are specified, any previously added grouping expressions are simply removed. This method